Watch, listen and learn how Crowcon, CH4 gas detection specialists, protect people and plant from the gas risks posed by flammable and toxic gas.
Methane is formed by digestion of organic matter
Under ATEX, CH4 becomes flammable at 4.4% of air by volume
In very high concentration (i.e. low oxygen), methane cannot burn
CH4 methane detectionis imperative as methanemay cause narcotic effects at low concentrations
Methane is lighter than air and it can collect in the high points of enclosed spaces
Pellistors are very sensitive to low methane levels
Above LEL levels, pellistors may “burn out” and do not fail-safe
H2S inhibits pellistors, so infrared sensors may be better
Gas detectors are needed to ensure worker safety against methane gas
T&D are Crowcon distributors – market leading fixed and portable gas detectors and monitors for flammable and toxic gases, including ATEX Certified equipment
CROWCON GAS DETECTORS
Methane (CH4) Gas Detection
CH4 Methane Gas Detection : Crowcon are market leading manufacturers of Portable and Fixed Gas Detection Equipment
Remote methane gas detection
Unmanned platforms or storage areas are commonplace in the offshore oil and gas industry – the offshore platforms are continuously monitored by fixed gas detection equipment.
Laser-based gas detection equipment can identify fugitive leaks at a safe distance so workers know it is safe before they board an unmanned FPSO. Crowcon are industry specialists at methane gas detection for both onshore and offshore hazardous area working environments.
Crowcon Laser Methane Mini Green
where is methane gas used?
Methane gas is commonly used in chemical industries and is used to refine petrochemicals. It is also used as a fuel and is burned in gas turbines or steam generators to produce electricity. Methane is widely used domestically for heating and cooking in homes (but you knew that didn’t you).
Methane is the main component of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) and is generated by the decomposition of biodegradable solid waste as well as animal and human waste. It is therefore commonly present in landfill sites and sewage treatment works.
“Trash To Treasure” : BMW convert landfill methane to hydrogen as part of their “gas-to-energy” policy. Image BMW.
WHY IS METHANE GAS DANGEROUS?
Methane is not generally considered a toxic gas, however it is extremely flammable even in low concentrations when mixed with other chemicals – methane is also an asphyxiant as it will displace oxygen and this is particularly dangerous in confined spaces.
In order to create a fire/explosion, you need three things, 1) oxygen 2) ignition source and 3) a fuel. Take away the
Fire Triangle
oxygen and you remove the risk of explosion, in contrast high levels of oxygen will cause fuels to burn faster and more vigorously. For an explosive atmosphere to exist, a certain ratio of oxygen and fuel must exist. The ratio differs depending on the fuel. In the gas detection industry, such ratios are known as lower explosion limits (LEL) and upper explosion limits. (UEL)
LEL is defined as “the minimum concentration of a particular combustible gas necessary to support its combustion in air.” Concentrations below this level will not burn. The UEL is defined as “Highest concentration (percentage) of a gas or a vapor in air capable of producing a flash of fire in presence of an ignition source. The range between LEL and UEL is referred to as the flammable range and as the name suggests is when fire/explosions will occur.
Methane Lower & Upper Explosive Limits
As can be seen from the table, the LEL for methane is 5% and UEL is 15%. Concentrations of 9% are thought to be the most volatile. It may sound strange but concentrations above 15% will not be explosive as the air is too saturated with Methane. However this is when asphyxiation can be just as hazardous.
Asphyxiation becomes a risk when there are high concentrations of methane. This is because the methane displaces the oxygen. We need approximately 18% oxygen to breath, levels below 16% can be dangerous and levels below 10% can cause immediate loss of consciousness and inevitably death. Working in confined spaces can be extremely dangerous if exposure to methane (or any other gas for that matter) is considered a risk.
Detecting Methane Gas With Crowcon
The following table provides an overview of the Crowcon Gas Detectors available for detecting methane gas – for expert technical support and product selection guidance please call T&D Sales Engineers.
Crowcon Xgard INFO
Crowcon Flamgard Plus INFO
Crowcon IRMax INFO
Crowcon IREX INFO
Crowcon Gasman INFO
Crowcon Tetra 3 INFO
Crowcon GasPro INFO
Crowcon Tetra INFO
Crowcon Triple Plus+ INFO
Crowcon Detective+ INFO
Crowcon Laser Methane Mini INFO
Crowcon Xsafe INFO
Crowcon Open Path Gas Detectors INFO
Crowcon Gas-Pro PID INFO
Crowcon Hazardous Area Gas Detectors (ATEX Certified) Zone 1 & Zone 2. Contact T&D for with your enquiry.
Detecting Hydrogen Sulphide, Methane, Oxygen & Carbon Monoxide Gas Using Crowcon Detectors
Flame, Heat, Gas Detectors & Detection Systems
Hazardous area industries including offshore oil/gas platforms and FPSOs, onshore oil refineries, processing plants, pipelines, storage farms and LPG/LNG plants all utilise or produce a wide range of hazardous flammable liquids and gases that can be detected using correctly specified flame and gas detectors.
Detecting toxic and flammable gases requires the detectors to be classified and certified according to the specific IECEx or ATEX standard – we distribute flame and fire detectors manufactured by Spectrex to operate in the harshest environmental conditions including self-contained stand-alone devices designed for direct connection to control and alarm systems or automatic fire extinguishing systems.
Our range of Hazardous Area Fire & Gas Detection Systemproducts also includes Explosion Proof Warning Systems & Hazardous Area Lighting – comprehensive range of intrinsically safe, flameproof and explosion proof alarm sounders, sirens, bells and horns, loudspeakers and beacons.
Follow our Showcase Page on LinkedIn to receive hazardous area product innovations, industry news, whitepapers, videos, technical tips and training webinars for professionals involved in the explosive atmosphere industries.
ASCO Solenoid Valves – Contact T&D For Sales, Specification & Supply of solenoid valves for industrial and hazardous area flow control.
By Chris Dodds : estimated reading time 5 minutes
ASCO Valves
A solenoid Valve Selection Guide
This Blog written with the support of ASCO is purposely designed to make it easier to select and order the right solenoid valve for your application from the world’s leading manufacturer of solenoid valves and air operated valves.
T&D are an ASCO Numatics Authorised Distribution Channel.
To assist in selecting the proper valve for your application, we recommend 2 approaches.
First, if you know the ASCO valve series that meets your specification, you can go directly to the appropriate page as listed in the Numerical Listing, or the Main Index:
ASCO Valves – Valve Selection by Alphanumerical System
If you do not know the ASCO solenoid valve series, please refer to the Condensed Listing, which provides an overview of key specifications for all General Service ASCO solenoid valves. This listing is organised by valve type and operation, then indexed by pipe size, flow factor and other vital specifications.
ASCO Valves – Valve Selection by Condensed Listing
If you are unable to locate the required solenoid valve in the Condensed Listing, refer to the individual valve series in the main ASCO catalogue for a more complete listing of types of valves available.
The Condensed Listing covers:
2-Way/2 Position Valves
3-Way/2 Position Valves
4-Way/2 or 3 Position Valves
ASCO Valves
THE Selection Process
In order to select an ASCO solenoid valve, you will need the following application information:
Temperature: Minimum and maximum fluid and ambient temperature (if unusual, contact technical support)
Voltage: Voltage and frequency to be used
ASCO Valves – 2000+ Products, Same Day Ship..
Once you have determined the above application information, the next steps can navigate you to the appropriate solenoid valve in the ASCO catalogue.
An ASCO solenoid valve selection example:
Turn to the Condensed Listing section relevant to the Valve Type and Operation required for example, 2-Way, Normally Closed valve.
Locate the family of ASCO valves corresponding to the Pipe Size of the valve desired for example, 1/8″ valve.
Select the applicable Media and relevant Pressure rating in the “Operating Pressure Differential” column for AC or DC, respectively for example, 300 psi for water, maximum AC. If the field of possible ASCO valves has not been narrowed to one valve at this point, the Cv Flow Factor, Orifice Size, Maximum Fluid Temperature or Watt Rating (power consumption) may then be used as additional deciding or filtering factors.
After the proper ASCO valve Catalogue Number has been identified, refer to the “Page No.” column to find more specifications on any given solenoid valve series, for example ASCO 8210 series.
Solenoid Valve Terminology
ASCO Solenoid Valves
Bleed-orifice or Bleed Hole
Small orifice or channel, most often located in the diaphragm or piston of pilot-operated solenoid valves, to allow the inlet flow to pressurize the top side of the diaphragm or piston.
Bonnet
Screwed plug or bolted cover on the valve body, on which the core tube with inner parts is fitted.
Coil
Electrical part of the solenoid valve consisting of a spool wound with insulated copper wire which creates a magnetic flux when energized.
Core
The soft-magnetic stainless steel part of the solenoid which is moved by magnetic forces (flux generated by the coil).
Core Spring
Spring which returns the core to the original position when the coil is de-energized.
Core Tube
Stainless steel tube, closed at one end, which isolates the media in the valve from the external solenoid parts.
Disc, Valve Disc
Sealing material on the core or disc-holder, which shuts off the seat orifice.
Disc-holder
Valve part, actuated by the core, in which a sealing disc is inserted.
Main Orifice
Principle passage between inlet and outlet of the valve.
ATEX & Hazardous Area Solenoid Valves
ATEX Solenoid Valves – T&D’s Sales Team specialise in the technical specification and supply of hazardous area solenoid valves and process instrumentation equipment.
ASCO Valves – Fast Ship
Call T&D Sales For ASCO Valves
Guaranteed same day shipment for over 2000 off today’s most popular ASCO valve products are now available – over 40,000 ASCO products can be shipped within 5 business days.
ASCO valves are manufactured in facilities certified to meet ISO international quality standards and are 100% tested.
World Class ASCO
T&D’s ASCO Sales Team is staffed by trained sales engineers qualified to verify that your selection is best for your application or to help with your selection of your solenoid valve requirements.
T&D can also help customise an ASCO valve to meet unique application requirements.
Thorne & Derrick are inviting you to join LinkedIn’s fastest growing Discussion Group – Process & Hazardous Area Industries : Heat Tracing, Gas Detection, Fluid Control & Flow Measurement. News, projects, videos, promotions, whitepapers, jobs, webinars, press plus much more.
THORNE & DERRICK
Electrical & Process Instrumentation Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres
Thorne & Derrick are Specialist Distributors of Hazardous Area & Explosion Proof Equipment with IECEx & ATEX Certifications to the onshore and offshore oil, gas, petrochemicals and process industries.
We supply major UK and international infrastructure projects and also MRO (Maintenance, Repair, Operations) requirements for both planned and unplanned plant shutdowns – we react with a rapid response to customer demand to ensure downtime is minimised and reliable Power, Light & Heat is restored or provided.
Working closely with clients and our supply chain we can assess the condition and degradation of your hazardous area installations and implement specifications to manage the planned replacement of legacy equipment conformant with international classifications including ATEX and IECEx.
Today T&D present a Guest Blog from Neil Weston, Sales Manager at leading float valve manufacturer Keraflo about how the practice of tampering with cold water tank equipment could land you in hot water.
More than half of all cold water storage tanks sold in the UK are fitted with a raised float valve chamber. This is a small housing on top of the tank where the valve is installed to either maximise the tank’s capacity or enable the obligatory air gaps that are required by water companies.
However, problems may arise when it comes to fitting the float valve in the chamber. Installers are running into problems when they try to install a standard “ballcock” valve. This type of valve cannot work effectively because the “arm” is not long enough to reach down into the main part of the tank. While this can be overcome simply by using a ballcock valve fitted with a “drop arm”, it can be viewed as an expensive alternative. So some installers are choosing to fit their own drop arm –which essentially means that the valve has been modified beyond its original design parameters.
Ballcock Valve Fitted With A Drop Arm – Not Recommended
The Dangers of Modifying Float Valves
This type of float valve modification will almost certainly have inherent design issues which can present major problems – with serious consequences for the building.
If the float valve is not correctly aligned it could twist and therefore fail, resulting in flooding. Furthermore, if the valve leaks (which they can be prone to), the excess force on the float can cause the valve either to twist or fail at the pivot point. Another potential problem when the valve opens fully (either due to supply out-stripping demand or the tank being emptied for cleaning or maintenance) is that the ball may go back on itself and jam against the side wall causing the valve to fail in the fully-open position – a major flood risk.
With so much potential for failure, this then begs the question; who is culpable if a modified valve fails?
Would the building insurance cover the owner in the event of a failed valve that was modified beyond its original spec? Or would the insurance become invalid and therefore leave the owner liable to pay out for the damage?
It is a hot topic at the moment. Ultimate responsibility could lie with the installer personally, the building owner, or even the specifier, landing someone with a hefty clean-up bill. The culprit could also find themselves in deep water as such practice will render the valve’s approval invalid.
Fit a WRAS Approved Keraflo Float Valve
It is a legal requirement in England and Wales to conform to the Water Regulations Act 1999. WRAS approved products, including Keraflo float valves, have been tested and proven to have met the Act’s requirements. If a product is not WRAS approved a water company can insist that it is removed.
According to Item 2.7 of the Standard Terms and Conditions of WRAS Fittings Approval: “It is a condition of WRAS Fittings Approval that no changes or modification to the Application / Approved Product, fitting, assembly or range of fittings, including changes, substitutions or modifications to the materials of construction, components or sub-assemblies, be made without the Applicant / Approval Holder first notifying WRAS Ltd. Full details of the proposed changes must be provided to the Scheme and if required Samples supplied for testing and reassessment. Failure to comply with this condition will immediately invalidate a previously granted Approval.
“With respect to water inlet valves; if an aftermarket drop arm is added to a WRAS approved float valve, then the modified assembly will not be considered WRAS approved.”
Thankfully, there are a range of specifically designed Keraflo float valves available that will work in tanks with raised float valve chambers, without the need for modification.
WRAS contributes to the protection of public health by preventing contamination of public water supplies and encouraging the efficient use of water by promoting and facilitating compliance with the Water Supply (Water Fittings) Regulations and Scottish Water Byelaws in the UK.
Keraflo Aylesbury Valves : Brochure Presentation
The Aylesbury Delayed Action Float Valve Range is designed to provide an accurate and efficient method of controlling the level of stored cold water in tanks with and without raised float valve chambers. All Keraflo float valves are WRAS approved.
Keraflo are renowned for their ‘Aylesbury™’ range of delayed action float valves. Launched in 1987, the design pioneered the use of ceramic discs in valves for cold water storage tanks. Keraflo float valves are designed to provide an accurate and efficient method of controlling the level of stored cold water in tanks with and without raised float valve chambers and are constructed to operate over long periods without the need for maintenance.
Keraflo Aylesbury K Type Float Valve (Delayed Action) – Open / Closed Position Illustration
Keraflo Aylesbury KB Type Float Valve (Delayed Action) – Open / Closed Position Illustration
Benefits of Keraflo Aylesbury Valves
Keraflo have a free download, Keraflo “Think Tank” best guide to Water Tank Management. The guide is intended to be a useful summary or professional good practice in the management, maintenance and care of cold water storage tanks in commercial, industrial and institutional buildings.
Thorne & Derrick are inviting you to join LinkedIn’s fastest growing Discussion Group – Process & Hazardous Area Industries : Heat Tracing, Gas Detection, Fluid Control & Flow Measurement. News, projects, videos, promotions, whitepapers, jobs, webinars, press plus much more.
ABOUT US
Thorne & Derrick International are your single-source supplier of Electrical, Mechanical, Process & Instrumentation Equipment. T&D provide an outstanding service to UK and international customers – we are highly customer responsive and absolutely committed to providing a world-class service.
T&D supply utilities, power, renewable energy, construction, rail, manufacturing, food/beverage, mining, oil, gas and petrochemical industries – distributing 100,000+ products from 100+ manufacturers from multi-million pound stocks. Since 1985 we have established a solid reputation based on service, integrity and trust.
Watch, listen and learn how Crowcon, H2S gas detection specialists, protect people and plant from the gas risks posed by flammable and toxic gas.
Hydrogen sulphide gas is considered a broad-spectrum poison, meaning that it can poison several different systems in the body, although the nervous and respiratory systems are most severely affected. Besides being highly toxic H2S is a flammable gas – heavier than air and hence tending to accumulate in low-lying areas.
H2S is pungent but rapidly destroys the sense of smell.
H2S gas is toxic at breathable concentrations between 500-1000 ppm, but death is not instantaneous. However, at concentrations of greater than 1000 ppm, H2S is lethal.
Industry practice is to recognise that fatality from H2S exposure can occur over a wide concentration band but at around 500–1000 ppm exposure for a short period, the fatal exposure levels would be significant. 800 ppm is the generally accepted lethal concentration for 50% of an exposed human population for 5 minutes exposure.
Hydrogen sulphide naturally occurs in crude petroleum and natural gas reservoirs
H2S gas is toxic at less than 20 parts per million
Gas becomes flammable at 4.3% of air by volume
H2S gas is 1.2 times heavier than air so stays low in windless conditions
Hydrogen sulphide has a highly corrosive nature which increases the chance of a gas leak
H2S inhibits pellistors so infrared sensors may well provide a better gas detection option
Personal and fixed gas monitors are needed to ensure worker safety against hydrogen sulphide levels
T&D are Crowcon distributors – market leading fixed and portable gas detectors and monitors for flammable and toxic gases, including ATEX Certified equipm
H2S Gas Detection : Crowcon are market leading manufacturers of Portable and Fixed Gas Detection Equipment
h2s gAS eXPOSURE – THE EXPOSURE RISKS
1,000-2,000 ppm: Loss of consciousness and very possible death
100-1,000 ppm: Serious respiratory, central nervous, and cardiovascular system effects
150-200 ppm: Olfactory fatigue (sense of smell significantly impaired)
100 ppm: Immediately Dangerous to life and health (IDLH concentration)
5-30 ppm: Moderate irritation of the eyes
5-10 ppm: Minor metabolic changes in exercising individuals during short-term exposures
Less than 5 ppm: Metabolic changes observed but not clinically significant
5 ppm: Increase in anxiety symptoms (single exposure)
5 ppm: Start of the dose-response curve (short-term exposure)
0.032-0.02 ppm: Olfactory threshold (begin to smell)
H2S Gas Detection offshore
The UK HSE (Health & Safety Executive) have provided guidance to duty holders for detecting and managing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) hazards in hydrocarbon processing systems. As reservoirs begin to water out, hydrogen sulphide can become an issue when processing returning fluids. The gas is toxic in relatively low concentrations and the risks to the workforce need to be safely addressed once the presence of hydrogen sulphide has been detected.
H2S presence in reservoir streams tends to increase with time and it is important therefore that duty holders ensure that if the concentration levels in modules begin to increase the toxicity status of the areas are revised accordingly. The recommended strategy for fixed and portable detection is based on accepted management practice for confined space entry, and normally accessible process modules.
On an offshore installation, the standardsrecommend a 3-tier approach to H2S gas detection; similar to the flammable hazardous area classification arrangements:-
Category 0:Areas where H2S will be present during normal operations – confined spaces, vessels etc.
Fixed H2S detection is not recommended in areas where H2S is known to be present at high concentrations during normal operations. The argument is that if the presence of the toxic gas is known and known to be unacceptably high, there is no reason for installing detection.
Access is controlled by special precautions, confined space entry management, that starts with the removal of H2S and initial entry is by specifically trained personnel with portable H2S detection equipment wearing breathing apparatus (BA) and other protective equipment.
Category 1: Areas in which H2S may be encountered during normal operations
Entry is only allowed with portable toxic detection equipment and fixed detection is recommended for these areas to maintain a risk history, but should not be used for making safety-related decisions.
Category 2: Areas which are H2S free in the atmosphere during normal operations, but which may be contaminated by a leak, or equipment malfunction or intrusive activities.
For ‘open access modules’, where H2S is not normally present but could be following a leak, fixed detection is recommended in certain scenarios. This is based on a concentration of 500 ppm H2S in the ‘carrier’ stream of process fluids. If the H2S concentration is below 500 ppm, in the carrier stream, the areas may be classified as “2A” and H2S detection is via the standard hydrocarbon detection instruments. At concentrations greater than 500 ppm, in the carrier stream, the area is designated “2B”, and requires a H2S specific detection system because the hydrocarbon detection systems cannot provide a timely response to the more harmful, higher H2S concentrations levels.
This argument is based on an assumption in the standard (unsubstantiated) that process hydrocarbon carrier gas on release is diluted to 1% by air entrainment. Hence if the hydrocarbon gas contained 500 ppm H2S, the toxic component would be diluted to 5 ppm; the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for the gas. However, there is no supporting argument in the standard that a 100:1 dilution will be achieved if a hydrocarbon gas stream is released to atmosphere.
Na Kika Project : involves the production of hydrocarbons from five small- to medium-sized discoveries in the Mississippi Canyon area of the Gulf of Mexico. Shell already has an extensive range of offshore hydrocarbon operations in the Gulf of Mexico. The map shows the oil projects operated by Shell, the gas projects operated by Shell and the many offshore hydrocarbons project in which Shell has an interest. Image Courtesy : Hydrocarbon Technology
OFFSHORE HYDROCARBON RELEASES (2001-2008)
The offshore industry employs about 28,000 personnel in the UK involved in a wide range of activities.
Since the Piper Alpha disaster in 1988, health and safety issues concerning offshore platforms have vastly reduced, however, the work practices involved are not risk free and still have the potential to cause considerable loss of life when things go wrong.
A falling oil price, declining reserves and an ageing infrastructure have resulted in increased drilling activity around marginal fields. Operators have looked for new ways in which to cut costs, which could affect the health and safety of the workforce.
In recent years there has been an increase in the number of major and significant hydrocarbon releases on offshore platforms that require investigation. – the following report aims to identify the immediate cause of hydrocarbon leaks and determine if there are discernable reasons for the increasing trends.
0.0047 ppm is the recognition threshold of human smell, the concentration at which 50% of humans can detect the characteristic odour of hydrogen sulphide.
10-20 ppm is the borderline concentration for eye irritation.
50-100 ppm leads to eye damage.
At 150-250 ppm the olfactory nerve is paralyzed after a few inhalations, and the sense of smell disappears, often together with awareness of danger.
320-530 ppm leads to pulmonary edema with the possibility of death.
530-1000 ppm causes strong stimulation of the central nervous system and rapid breathing, leading to loss of breathing.
Concentrations over 1000 ppm cause immediate collapse with loss of breathing, even after inhalation of a single breath.
h2s Hydrogen sulphide is a highly toxic gas
Hydrogen sulphide is a colourless gas that is known by its characteristic rotten egg like odour appearing naturally as a by-product of decomposition. A drawback to trusting the senses (olfactory) for protection against hydrogen sulphide is that prolonged exposure to the gas renders the sense of smell inoperative.
H2S reacts with the enzymes in the blood stream which inhibit cell respiration.
Put simply, high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide can shut off the lungs. Low concentration exposure to the gas can burn the respiratory tract and cause swelling around the eyes.
Symptoms of acute H2S gas exposure include nausea, headaches, delirium, tremors, convulsions, skin and eye irritation
Detecting Hydrogen Sulphide With Crowcon
The following table provides an overview of the Crowcon Gas Detectors available for detecting hydrogen sulphide – for expert technical support and product selection guidance please call T&D Sales Engineers.
Crowcon Xgard INFO
Crowcon TXgard-IS+ INFO
Crowcon Clip INFO
Crowcon TXgard Plus INFO
Crowcon Gasman INFO
Crowcon Tetra 3 INFO
Crowcon GasPro INFO
Crowcon Tetra INFO
Crowcon Triple Plus+ INFO
Crowcon Detective+ INFO
Crowcon Detective INFO
Crowcon XgardIQ INFO
Crowcon T4 INFO
Crowcon Gas-Pro PID INFO
Crowcon Hazardous Area Gas Detectors (ATEX Certified) Zone 1 & Zone 2. Contact T&D for with your enquiry.
Detecting Hydrogen Sulphide, Methane, Oxygen & Carbon Monoxide Gas Using Crowcon Detectors
Flame, Heat, Gas Detectors & Detection Systems
Hazardous area industries including offshore oil/gas platforms and FPSOs, onshore oil refineries, processing plants, pipelines, storage farms and LPG/LNG plants all utilise or produce a wide range of hazardous flammable liquids and gases that can be detected using correctly specified flame and gas detectors.
Detecting toxic and flammable gases requires the detectors to be classified and certified according to the specific IECEx or ATEX standard – we distribute flame and fire detectors manufactured by Spectrex to operate in the harshest environmental conditions including self-contained stand-alone devices designed for direct connection to control and alarm systems or automatic fire extinguishing systems.
Our range of Hazardous Area Fire & Gas Detection Systemproducts also includes Explosion Proof Warning Systems & Hazardous Area Lighting – comprehensive range of intrinsically safe, flameproof and explosion proof alarm sounders, sirens, bells and horns, loudspeakers and beacons.
Follow our Showcase Page on LinkedIn to receive hazardous area product innovations, industry news, whitepapers, videos, technical tips and training webinars for professionals involved in the explosive atmosphere industries.
Watch, listen and learn how Crowcon, O2 gas detection specialists, protect people and plant from the gas risks posed by flammable and toxic gases and oxygen depletion or enrichment levels.
Oxygen supports life with safe levels being between 19% and 23% by volume
Over 24% oxygen, ignition of flammable materials occurs more readily
Introduction of pure oxygen (e.g. welding) greatly heightens this safety risk
O2 levels are reduced by dilution with other gases
Oxygen is also consumed during combustion, rust formation and biological decay
Gas hazards can be significantly increase if working in confined spaces
Monitoring for O2 depletion or enrichment is vitally important across applications
Personal and fixed gas detectors for oxygen are needed to ensure worker safety
Oxygen Depletion & Confined Spaces
Hypoxia (low physiologic oxygen content) symptoms include loss of peripheral vision and colour acuity causing panic and damaging personal coordination and judgement. Rapid onset of impaired sensory ability can seriously impact upon workers ability to implement self-rescue actions in confined space emergency situations.
Planned Oxygen Depletion: intended low oxygen levels may be unavoidable when carrying out confined space entries in the presence of flammable or explosive atmospheres in hazardous area locations. Oxygen removal eliminates the threat of the Fire Triangle. Adequate oxygen gas depletion detectors are essential to precise monitoring of low O2 levels in confined spaces in both safe (non-hazardous) and hazardous area classified work zones.
Unplanned Oxygen Depletion: often caused by equipment failure or inadequate isolation techniques. Even where entry teams have assessed confined space safety and relevant permits have been issued a previous entry team could have inadvertently introduced an inert gas into the confined space and failed to ventilate. Lethal low levels of oxygen should be detected using portable gas detectors for both permit and non-permit confined space working.
T&D are Crowcon distributors – market leading fixed and portable gas detectors and monitors for flammable and toxic gases, including ATEX Certified equipment
What are the causes of oxygen fires & explosions?
Main causes of fires and explosions when using oxygen are:
oxygen enrichment from leaking equipment
use of materials not compatible with oxygen
use of oxygen in equipment not designed for oxygen service
incorrect or careless operation of oxygen equipment
Oxygen O2 Gas Detection : Crowcon are market leading manufacturers of Portable and Fixed Gas Detection Equipment
O2 Oxygen Gas Detection Using Crowcon T3
Crowcon Tetra 3 gas detector is widely used for confined space entry, strengthened by specialist gas options for the water, hospitality and steel industries.
Crowcon Tetra 3 multigas monitor is a compact, robust and easy-to-use diffusion based gas detector. Single button operation, small size and clear top-mounted display for working in demanding industrial environments, such as water, telecoms, food, brewing or hydrocarbons sectors. Gases include the most common four (carbon monoxide, methane, oxygen and hydrogen sulphide), but also an expanded gas range: ammonia, ozone, sulphur dioxide, H2 filtered CO (for steel plants) and IR carbon dioxide (for safe area use only).
Crowcon Tetra 3 Gas Detectors
Detecting Oxygen With Crowcon
The following table provides an overview of the Crowcon Gas Detectors available for detecting oxygen – for expert technical support and product selection guidance please call T&D Sales Engineers.
A BBC film crew filming sulphur miners in the crater of an active volcano used a Crowcon (UK) Tetra 3 portable gas detector to warn them of dangerous levels of hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The crew were filming in Indonesia as part of the BBC’s landmark ‘Human Planet’ series which explores mankind’s relationship with nature in the world today.
Crowcon Hazardous Area Gas Detectors (ATEX Certified) Zone 1 & Zone 2. Contact T&D for with your enquiry.
Detecting Hydrogen Sulphide, Methane, Oxygen & Carbon Monoxide Gas Using Crowcon Detectors
Flame, Heat, Gas Detectors & Detection Systems
Hazardous area industries including offshore oil/gas platforms and FPSOs, onshore oil refineries, processing plants, pipelines, storage farms and LPG/LNG plants all utilise or produce a wide range of hazardous flammable liquids and gases that can be detected using correctly specified flame and gas detectors.
Detecting toxic and flammable gases requires the detectors to be classified and certified according to the specific IECEx or ATEX standard – we distribute flame and fire detectors manufactured by Spectrex to operate in the harshest environmental conditions including self-contained stand-alone devices designed for direct connection to control and alarm systems or automatic fire extinguishing systems.
Our range of Hazardous Area Fire & Gas Detection Systemproducts also includes Explosion Proof Warning Systems & Hazardous Area Lighting – comprehensive range of intrinsically safe, flameproof and explosion proof alarm sounders, sirens, bells and horns, loudspeakers and beacons.
Follow our Showcase Page on LinkedIn to receive hazardous area product innovations, industry news, whitepapers, videos, technical tips and training webinars for professionals involved in the explosive atmosphere industries.
Press Release Date: 02.04.2020 uploaded by Chris Dodds (T&D Sales + Marketing Manager) World’s First Fully Certified ATEX Doors Thorne & Derrick International, the Experts in Equipment for Explosive Atmospheres, today announce the signing of a Commercial Distribution Agreement...
Press Release Date: 04.07.2019 uploaded by Chris Dodds (T&D Sales + Marketing Manager) Category: Stockist Distributor Agreement Announcement Thorne & Derrick International announce that they have signed a Preferred Distributor Agreement with Raytec, the world leading manufacturer of LED...